At precisely 3:15 PM (EDT), or fifteen minutes after the local observance of the "National Moment of Remembrance," Dharma Beat outfielder and former U.S. Navy Lt. Commander, Lawrence Ferlinghetti smacked a 2-run homerun in the opening inning of this Overleague game, played in memory and in honor of those who have died in war. Ferlinghetti is better known as a distinguished poet and proprietor of the City Lights Bookstore in San Francisco. During World War II Ferlinghetti enlisted in the U.S. Navy and commanded a minesweeper during the allied invasion of Normandy. He was also sent to Nagasaki six weeks after the atomic bomb was dropped. He has been a Dharma Beat since the team's inception in 1983.

The Dharma Beats, behind the wild pitching of Beat icon Neal Cassady (7 walks), controlled the game from the beginning. The Wonderland Warriors (last season's Cosmic Universal Series winner) have been struggling in the Overleague this season. Starting pitcher, Jeremy Boorda (another U.S. Navy man) got pushed around in the fourth and fifth innings. In the fourth Beat Generation founder Jack Kerouac and Beat poet Gregory Corso hit back-to-back solo home runs. In the fifth inning Beat poet Ray Bremser (awarded the game's Most Cosmic Player award) hit a three-run home run deep into Memorial Stadium's centerfield upper reaches. That was it for Boorda as the Warriors went through four more pitchers in an attempt to thwart the Beat assault.

Emerging in the latter 1940s amidst the cultural and psychological destruction of the just ended World War the Beat Generation was the inspiration for the anti-war slogan that emerged during the Vietnam War era: "Make love, not war."

A "Just War Theory" Bibliography
Source: : Brian D. Orend. ( http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/war/)

Arendt, H. On Violence. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1970.

Axinn, S. A Moral Military. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 1989.

Bailey, S. Prohibitions and Restraints in War. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972.

Barry, J. The Sword of Justice: Ethics and Coercion in International Politics. London: Praeger, 1998.

Beitz, C. "Cosmopolitan Ideals and National Sentiment", The Journal of Philosophy (1983), 591-600.

---------, "Nonintervention and Communal Integrity", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1979/80), 385-91

---------, Political Theory and International Relations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1979.

Beitz, C. et al., eds. International Ethics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1985.

Best, G. Humanity in Warfare. New York: Columbia University Press, 1980.

--------, War and law since 1945. Oxford: Clarendon, 1994.

Boucher, D. Political Theories of International Relations. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

Brady, James and N. Garver, eds. Justice, Law and Violence. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1991.

Brandt, R.B. "Utilitarianism and the Rules of War". Philosophy and Public Affairs (1971/72), 145-65.

Brierly, J.L. The Law of Nations. New York: Waldock, 6th ed., 1963.

Brilmayer, L. Justifying International Acts. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1989.

Brown, C. International Relations Theory: New Normative Approaches. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1992.

Brown, P. and H. Shue, eds. Boundaries: National Autonomy and Its Limits. Totowa, NJ: Rowman Littlefield, 1981.

Brownlie, I. International Law and the Use of Force by States. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1963.

------------, System of the Law of Nations. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983.

Bull, H. The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics. New York: Columbia University Press, 1977.

Cady, D. From Warism to Pacifism: A Moral Continuum. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 1989.

Cahill, L.S. Love Your Enemies: Discipleship, Pacifism and Just War Theory. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1994.

Campbell, D. and M. Dillon, eds. The political subject of violence. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1993.

Ceadel, M. Thinking about Peace and War. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.

Childress, J. "Just-War Theories" in Theological Studies 39 (1978), 427-45.

Christopher, P. The Ethics of War and Peace: An Introduction to Legal and Moral Issues. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1994.

Cimbala, S. and K. Dunn, eds. Conflict termination and military strategy: coercion, persuasion and war. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1987.

Clausewitz, Carl von. On War, trans. by A. Rapoport. Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin, 1995.

Coates, A.J. The ethics of war. Manchester, UK: University of Manchester Press, 1997.

Cohen, M. "Moral Skepticism and International Relations" in Beitz, ed. International Ethics, 3-50.

Damrosch, L. "The Collective Enforcement of International Norms Through Economic Sanctions", Ethics and International Affairs (1994), 60-80.

Damrosch, L. ed. Enforcing Restraint: Collective Intervention in Internal Conflicts. New York: Council on Foreign relations, 1993.

Davis, G. Warcraft and the Fragility of Virtue. Lincoln, NA: University of Nebraska Press, 1992.

Davis, G.S. Religion and Justice in the War over Bosnia. New York: Routledge, 1996.

Detter Delupis, I. The law of war. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

Dinstein, Y. War, aggression and self-defence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

Dombrowski, D. Christian Pacifism. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 1991.

Doppelt, G. "Statism without Foundations", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1979-80), 398-403.

----------- "Walzer's Theory of Morality in International Relations." Philosophy and Public Affairs (1978/79), 3-26.

Doyle, M. "Kant, Liberal Legacies and Foreign Affairs", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1984), 204-35 and 323-53.

Dubik, J. "Human Rights, Command Responsibility and Walzer's Just War Theory". Philosophy and Public Affairs (1982), 354-71.

Dyer, G. War. New York: Crown, 1985.

Ellis, A. ed. Ethics and International Relations. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1986.

Elshtain, J.B. ed. Just War Theory. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1992.

Elshtain, J.B. et al., But was it just? Reflections on the Morality of the Persian Gulf War (ed. by D. DeCosse). New York: Doubleday, 1992.

Filice, C. "Pacifism: A Philosophical Exploration", Journal of Philosophical Research (1992), 119-53.

Forsythe, D. Human Rights and Peace. Lincoln, NA: University of Nebraska Press, 1993.

Franck, T. The Power of Legitimacy Among Nations. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990.

Freedman, L and E. Karsh, eds. The Gulf Conflict (1990-91): Diplomacy and War in the New World Order. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993.

Frey, R.G. and C.W. Morris, eds. Violence, Terrorism, and Justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

Frost, M. Ethics in International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Fullinwinder, R. "War and Innocence", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1975), 90-7.

Gallie, W.B. Understanding War. London: Routledge, 1991.

Gelven, M. War and Existence. Philadelphia, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1994.

Geyer, A. Lines in the Sand: Justice and the Gulf War. Louisville, KY: John Knox Press, 1992.

Glossop, R.J. Confronting War: An Examination of Humanity's Most Pressing Problem. London: McFarland, 3rd ed., 1994.

------------- World Federation? A Critical Analysis of Federal World Government. London: McFarland, 1993.

Gowa, J. Ballots and Bullets: The Elusive Democratic Peace. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1999.

Gray, J.G. The Warriors: Reflections of Men in Battle. New York: Harper and Row, 1970.

Griffiths, M. Realism, Idealism and International Politics. London: Routledge, 1992.

Haber, J., ed. Absolutism and its Consequentialist Critics. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman Littlefield, 1994.

Hallett, B. ed. Engulfed in War: Just War and the Persian Gulf. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1991.

Hampson, F.O. Nurturing Peace: Why Peace Settlements Succeed or Fail. Washington, DC: United States Institute for Peace, 1996.

Hare, R.M. "Rules of War and Moral Reasoning". Philosophy and Public Affairs (1971/72), 166-81.

Hauerwas, S. Should War be Eliminated? Philosophical and Theological Investigations. Milwaukee, WI: Marquette University Press, 1984.

Hehir, J.B. "Intervention: From Theories to Cases," Ethics and International Affairs 9 (1995), 1-13.

Held, V., S. Morgenbesser and T. Nagel, eds. Philosophy, Morality and International Affairs. New York: Oxford University Press, 1974.

Henkin, L. How Nations Behave: Law and Foreign Policy. New York: Columbia University Press, 2nd ed., 1979.

Henkin, L. and J.L. Hargrove, eds. Human Rights: An Agenda for the Next Century. Washington, DC: American Society of International Law, 1994.

Hoffman, S. Duties Beyond Borders. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1981.

----------- The Ethics and Politics of Humanitarian Intervention. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1996.

Holmes, R. On War and Morality. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989.

Holsti, K. Peace and War: Armed Conflicts and International order, 1648-1989. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

---------- The State, War and The State of War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996

Howard, M. The laws of war: constraints on warfare in the Western world. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1994.

Human Rights Watch, Slaughter Among Neighbours. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995.

Huntington, S. The Soldier and the State. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1957.

Johnson, J. T. Can Modern War Be Just?. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1984.

-------------- Ideology, Reason and Limitation of War: Religious and Secular Concepts, 1200-1740. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1981.

-------------- Morality and Contemporary Warfare. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999.

-------------- The Just War Tradition and the Restraint of War. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1981.

-------------- The Quest for Peace. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1987.

-------------- "Towards Reconstructing the Jus ad Bellum", Monist (1973), 461-88.

Johnson, J.T. and G. Weigel, eds. Just War and Gulf War. Washington, DC: Ethics and Public Policy Center, 1991.

Kane, B. Just War and the Common Good: Jus ad Bellum Principles in 20th century Papal Thought. San Francisco: Catholic Scholars Press, 1997.

Kant, I. Political Writings, trans. H. Nisbit and ed. H. Reiss. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970.

-------- The Metaphysics of Morals, trans. M. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

Kelsay, J. Islam and War: A Study in Comparative Ethics. Louisville, KY: Knox, 1992.

Kelsay, J. and J.T. Johnson, eds. Just War and Jihad. New York: Greenwood, 1991.

Kelsen, Hans. Principles of International Law. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1966.

Kennan, G. Realities of American Foreign Policy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1954.

Keohane, R., ed. Neorealism and Its Critics. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.

Laberge, P. "Humanitarian Intervention: Three Ethical Positions", Ethics and International Affairs 9 (1995), 15-35.

Lackey, D. "A Modern Theory of Just War", Ethics (April 1982), 540-6.

---------- The Ethics of War and Peace. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1989.

Lauterpacht, H. International Law, Vols. 3 and 4: The Law of Peace. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977-78.

--------------- International Law and Human Rights. New York: Archon Books, 1968.

Levinson, S. "Responsibility for the Crimes of War", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1972-73), 244-73.

Little, D. "The 'Just War' Doctrine and U.S. Policy in Vietnam", in S. Albert and E. Luck, eds. On the Endings of Wars (London: Kennikat Press, 1980), 157-71.

Luban, D. "Just War and Human Rights". Philosophy and Public Affairs (1979/80), 160-81.

--------- "The Romance of the Nation-State", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1979-80), 392-97.

Luper-Foy, S., ed. Problems of International Justice. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1988.

Mavrodes, G. "Conventions and the Laws of War", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1975), 117-31.

Miller, R., ed. The Law of War. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 1975.

Miller, R.B. Interpretations of Conflict: Ethics, Pacifism and the Just War Tradition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.

Miller, S. "Killing in Self-Defence", Public Affairs Quarterly (1993), 325-39.

Montague, P. "Self-Defence and Choosing Between Lives", Philosophical Studies (1981), 207-20.

Moore, J.N. Crisis in the Gulf: Enforcing the Rule of Law. Dobbs Ferry, NY: Oceana, 1992.

Moore, J.N. ed. Law and Civil War in the Modern World. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1974.

Morgenthau, H. Politics Among Nations. New York: Knopf, 5th ed., 1973.

Myers, R.J. "Notes on the Just War Theory: Whose Justice, Which Wars?", Ethics and International Affairs (1996), 116-30.

Nagel, T. "Ruthlessness in Public Life", in his Mortal Questions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Pp. 75-90.

--------- "War and Massacre". Philosophy and Public Affairs (1971/72), 123-43.

Nardin, T. Law, Morality and the Relations of States. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1983.

Nardin, T, ed. The Ethics of War and Peace: Religious and Secular Perspectives. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.

Nardin, T and D. Mapel, eds. Traditions of International Ethics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

Narveson, J. "Violence and War" in T. Regan, ed. Matters of Life and Death. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 1980. Pp. 109-47.

Norman, R. Ethics, killing and war. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

O'Brien, W. The Conduct of Just and Limited War. New York: Praeger, 1981.

----------- The Law of Limited Armed Conflict. Washington, Dc: Georgetown University Press, 1965.

----------- U.S. Military Intervention: Law and Morality. Beverly Hills, CA: 1979.

O'Connell, Robert L. Of Arms and Men: A History of War, Weapons, and Aggression. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.

Oren, N. Termination of War: Processes, Procedures and Aftermaths. Jerusalem: Hebrew University Press, 1982.

Orend, Brian. "A Just War Critique of Realism and Pacifism", Journal of Philosophical Research (Forthcoming, Winter 2000).

------------- "Armed Intervention: Principles and Cases", Flinders Journal of History and Politics (March 1998), 63-80.

------------ "Crisis in Kosovo: A Just Use of Force?", Politics (September 1999), 125-30.

------------ "Evaluating Pacifism", Dialogue: Canadian Philosophical Reviews (Forthcoming).

------------- "Jus Post Bellum", Journal of Social Philosophy (Forthcoming, Spring 2000).

------------- "Kant on International Law and Armed Conflict", Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence (July 1998), 329-81).

------------- "Kant's Just War Theory", Journal of the History of Philosophy (April 1999), 323-55.

------------- Michael Walzer on War and Justice. Cardiff, UK: University of Wales Press. Forthcoming.

------------- "Terminating War and Establishing Global Governance", Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence (July 1999), 253-95.

----------- War and International Justice: A Kantian Perspective. Waterloo, ONT: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2000.

Osgood, Robert and Robert Tucker, eds. Force, Order and Justice. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1967.

Otsuka, M. "Killing the Innocent in Self-Defense", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1992), 74-94.

Paskins, B. and M. Dockrill, The Ethics of War. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1979.

Paulson, S.L. "Classical Legal Positivism at Nuremberg", Philosophy and Public Affairs (174/75), 132-58

Peirce, A. "Just War Principles and Economic Sanctions", Ethics and International Affairs (1996), 99-113.

Peppers, D.P. "War Crimes and Induction: A Case for Selective Nonconscientious Objection", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1973/74), 129-66.

Phillips, R. War and Justice. Oklahoma City, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984.

Pogge, T. "An Institutional Approach to Humanitarian Intervention", Public Affairs Quarterly (1992), 89-103.

--------- "Cosmopolitanism and Sovereignty", Ethics (1992), 48-75.

--------- "Creating Supra-National Institutions Democratically", Journal of Political Philosophy (1997), 163-82.

--------- "How Should Human Rights be Conceived?" Jahrbuch fur Recht und Ethik 3 (1995), 103-20.

--------- "Liberalism and Global Justice: Hoffman and Nardin on Morality in International Affairs", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1987), 67-81.

--------- Realizing Rawls. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1989.

--------- "The Bounds of Nationalism" in J. Couture, et al, eds. Rethinking Nationalism. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary Press, 1998. Pp. 463-504.

Porter, B. War and the Rise of the Modern State. New York: Macmillan, 1994.

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---------, Untitled, in Dissent's Summer 1995 symposium on the bombing of Hiroshima.

--------- "The Law of Peoples", in Shute and Hurley, eds. On Human Rights, 41-82.

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--------- Just War: Principles and Cases. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1996.

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Taylor, A.J.P. How Wars End. London: Hamilton, 1985.

------------- Origins of The Second World War. London: Hamilton, 1961.

Teichman, J. Pacifism and the Just War. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1986.

Thompson, K.W. Political Realism and the Crisis of World Politics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1960.

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---------- "Justice and Injustice in the Gulf War", in D. DeCosse, ed. Reflections, 2-25.

---------- Obligations: Citizenship, War and Disobedience. Harvard: Harvard University Press, 1970.

---------- "Moral Judgment in Time of War" in R. Wasserstrom, ed. War and Morality, 54-62.

---------- "Nation and Universe" in G.B. Peterson, ed. The Tanner Lecture on Human Values. Salt Lake City, Utah: Utah University Press, 1990. Pp. 507-56.

---------- "Political Action: The Problem of Dirty Hands", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1972/73), 160-80.

---------- "Response to Lackey", Ethics (April 1982), 547-48.

---------- "The Moral Standing of States: A Response to Four Critics", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1979/80), 209-29.

---------- "The Reform of the International System" in O. Osterud, ed. Studies of War and Peace (Oslo: Norwegian University Press, 1986), 227-50.

---------- Thick and Thin: Moral Argument at Home and Abroad. Notre Dame, Ind.: Notre Dame University Press, 1994.

---------- "Untitled" contribution to the summer symposium on the 50th anniversary of the bombing of Hiroshima, Dissent (1995), 330-1.

---------- "War and Peace in the Jewish Tradition" in T. Nardin, ed. The Ethics of War and Peace: Religious and Secular Perspectives. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996. Pp. 95-112.

---------- "World War II: Why Was This War Different?", Philosophy and Public Affairs (1971/72), 3-21.

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------------ International relations in political theory. Philadelphia, PA: Open University Press, 1992.

Yoder, John. When War is Unjust: Being Honest in Just-War Thinking. Minneapolis, Augsburg Press, 1984.

Zohar, N. "Collective War and Individualistic Ethics: Against the Conscription of 'Self-Defence'", Political Theory 21 (1993), 606-22.